*Result*: Sexual Health in Islam: Constructing a Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) Scale for the Jordanian Context.
Title:
Sexual Health in Islam: Constructing a Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) Scale for the Jordanian Context.
Authors:
Aldahadha B; Ajman University, College of Humanities and Sciences, Department of Psychology, Ajman, UAE. b.aldahadha@ajman.ac.ae.; Mutah University, College of Educational Sciences, Department of Counseling and Special Education, Al-Karak, Jordan. b.aldahadha@ajman.ac.ae.
Source:
Journal of religion and health [J Relig Health] 2026 Mar 02. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Mar 02.
Publication Model:
Ahead of Print
Publication Type:
Journal Article
Language:
English
Journal Info:
Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 2985199R Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1573-6571 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00224197 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Relig Health Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s):
Publication: New York, NY : Springer
Original Publication: New York : Academy of Religion and Mental Health.
Original Publication: New York : Academy of Religion and Mental Health.
References:
Aday LA (1989). Designing and conducting health surveys: A comprehensive guide (1st ed.). Jossey-Bass Publishers. https://catalog.nlm.nih.gov/permalink/01NLM_INST/a7hdtr/alma996654723406676.
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T. (PMID: 10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T)
Alkhalili, M., Al-Hmaid, Y., Kheirallah, K., & Mehaisen, L. (2024). Assessment of knowledge of sexual reproductive health among female university students in Jordan. Cureus, 16(2), Article e53386. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.53386. (PMID: 10.7759/cureus.533863843515710908203)
Alomair, N., Alageel, S., Davies, N., & Bailey, J. V. (2020). Factors influencing sexual and reproductive health of Muslim women: A systematic review. Reproductive Health, 17(1), Article 33. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-020-0888-1. (PMID: 10.1186/s12978-020-0888-1321387447059374)
Al-Qahtani, J., & Almajeel, T. (2019). The degree of inclusion of the concepts of sexual education in the books of jurisprudence and behavior of the upper grades in the primary stage. Saudi Journal of Educational Sciences, 64, 1–22.
Amiri, M., El-Mowafi, I. M., Chahien, T., Yousef, H., & Kobeissi, L. H. (2020). An overview of the sexual and reproductive health status and service delivery among Syrian refugees in Jordan, nine years since the crisis: A systematic literature review. Reproductive Health, 17(1), Article 166. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-020-01005-7. (PMID: 10.1186/s12978-020-01005-7331154747592572)
Andrade, C., Menon, V., Ameen, S., & Kumar Praharaj, S. (2020). Designing and conducting knowledge, attitude, and practice surveys in psychiatry: Practical guidance. Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 42(5), 478–481. https://doi.org/10.1177/0253717620946111. (PMID: 10.1177/0253717620946111334145977750837)
Bambling, M. (2025). The problem of scale contamination and construct validity in mental health, social science and spirituality-related research. Health and Social Care Chaplaincy, 12(2), 210–216. https://doi.org/10.1558/hscc.31277. (PMID: 10.1558/hscc.31277)
Bandura A, National Institute of Mental Health. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice-Hall, Inc. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1985-98423-000.
Bouhdiba A (1985) Sexuality in Islam. Routledge & Kegan Paul. https://discovered.ed.ac.uk/permalink/44UOE_INST/iatqhp/alma992009963502466.
Brown TA (2015) Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research (2nd ed.). The Guilford Press. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2015-10560-000.
Cao, M., Ahmad Yusof, H., Chen, J., & Zhou, L. (2024). Development and validation of a knowledge, attitude, and practice questionnaire regarding exercise and exergames for obese patients with gout. BMC Public Health, 24(1), 2638. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20076-w.
Chavula, M. P., Zulu, J. M., & Hurtig, A.-K. (2022). Factors influencing the integration of comprehensive sexuality education into educational systems in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review. Reproductive Health, 19(1), Article 6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-022-01504-9. (PMID: 10.1186/s12978-022-01504-9)
Cochrane, C. (2013). The effects of Islam, religiosity, and socialization on Muslim-Canadian opinions about same-sex marriage. Comparative Migration Studies, 1, 147–178. https://doi.org/10.5117/CMS2013.1.COCH. (PMID: 10.5117/CMS2013.1.COCH)
Davis SF, Buskist W (2008) 21st century psychology: A reference handbook. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:141873143.
Drasgow, F., & Lissak, R. I. (1983). Modified parallel analysis: A procedure for examining the latent dimensionality of dichotomously scored item responses. Journal of Applied Psychology, 68(3), 363–373. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.68.3.363. (PMID: 10.1037/0021-9010.68.3.363)
Edelen, M. O., & Reeve, B. B. (2007). Applying item response theory (IRT) modeling to questionnaire development, evaluation, and refinement. Quality of Life Research : An International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation, 16(S1), 5–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-007-9198-0. (PMID: 10.1007/s11136-007-9198-017375372)
Gausman, J., Othman, A., Hamad, I. L., Dabobe, M., Daas, I., & Langer, A. (2019). How do Jordanian and Syrian youth living in Jordan envision their sexual and reproductive health needs? A concept mapping study protocol. British Medical Journal Open, 9(1), Article e027266. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027266. (PMID: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027266)
Ghosn NA (2024) Same-sex marriage in Islam and Judaism. In Religion, law and dispute resolution in Canada and the USA: Case studies of Islam and Judaism. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-59940-8_9.
Guadagnoli, E., & Velicer, W. F. (1988). Relation of sample size to the stability of component patterns. Psychological Bulletin, 103(2), 265–275. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.103.2.265. (PMID: 10.1037/0033-2909.103.2.2653363047)
Guest G, Namey E, Gamst G, Meyers L, Burke H, Guarino A (2015) Scale development and validation. In: Scale development and validation (pp. 379–409). SAGE Publications, Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483398839.n13.
Gutiérrez, R. A. (2012). Islam and sexuality. Social Identities, 18(2), 155–159. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504630.2012.652840. (PMID: 10.1080/13504630.2012.652840)
Jad, F. (1995). Sex education from an Islamic perspective. Journal of Educational Sohag University, 10(10), 133–159. https://doi.org/10.21608/edusohag.1995.130687. (PMID: 10.21608/edusohag.1995.130687)
Kim, S.-H., & Baker, F. B. (2018). birtr: A package for “The Basics of Item Response Theory Using R.” Applied Psychological Measurement, 42(5), 403–404. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146621617748327. (PMID: 10.1177/0146621617748327300340586023097)
Koenig, H. G., & Al Zaben, F. (2021). Psychometric validation and translation of religious and spiritual measures. Journal of Religion and Health, 60(5), 3467–3483. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-021-01373-9. (PMID: 10.1007/s10943-021-01373-934331172)
Koenig, H. G., & Carey, L. B. (2024). Religion, spirituality and health research: Warning of contaminated scales. Journal of Religion and Health, 63(5), 3729–3743. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-024-02112-6. (PMID: 10.1007/s10943-024-02112-639196443)
Koenig, H. G., & Carey, L. B. (2025). Approaches for analyzing the relationship between spirituality and health using measures contaminated with indicators of mental and social health. Journal of Religion and Health, 64(2), 1276–1286. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-025-02249-y. (PMID: 10.1007/s10943-025-02249-y39808227)
Kurdi, M. S., & Afif, Y. U. (2021). The enhancement of Islamic moral values through sex education for early children in the family environment. Religio Education, 1(2), 106–116. https://doi.org/10.17509/re.v1i2.41346. (PMID: 10.17509/re.v1i2.41346)
Meladze, P., & Brown, J. (2015). Religion, sexuality, and internalized homonegativity: Confronting cognitive dissonance in the Abrahamic religions. Journal of Religion and Health, 54(5), 1950–1962. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-015-0018-5. (PMID: 10.1007/s10943-015-0018-525772199)
Morhalim, S. (2010). An exploratory study of Muslim adolescents’ views on sexuality: Implications for sex education and prevention. BMC Public Health, 10, Article 533. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-10-533. (PMID: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-533)
Okoye, K., & Hosseini, S. (2024). Introduction to R programming and RStudio integrated development environment (IDE). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-3385-9_1. (PMID: 10.1007/978-981-97-3385-9_1)
Oraby, D. (2022). Determinants of knowledge in relation to sexual and reproductive health of adolescents in the Middle East and North Africa region. In C. Barakat, R. Dghaim, & F. Al Anouti (Eds.), Adolescent health in the Middle East and North Africa: Global perspectives on health geography. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92107-1_6. (PMID: 10.1007/978-3-030-92107-1_6)
Oraby, D. (2024). Sexuality education for youth and adolescents in the Middle East and North Africa region: A window of opportunity. Global Health, Science and Practice, 12(1), Article e2300282. https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00282. (PMID: 10.9745/GHSP-D-23-002823829075210906548)
Perez Alonso, A. F., Rosseel, Y., Vermunt, J. K., & De Roover, K. (2024). Mixture multigroup structural equation modeling: A novel method for comparing structural relations across many groups. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1037/met0000667. (PMID: 10.1037/met0000667)
R Core Team. (2022). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.R-project.org/.
Rassool, G. H., & Khan, M. A. (2020). Sexuality education from an Islamic perspective. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. https://books.google.jo/books?id=wlfSDwAAQBAJ&lpg=PR4&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false.
Rizopoulos, D. (2006). Ltm: An R package for latent variable modeling and item response theory analyses. Journal of Statistical Software, 17, 1–25. (PMID: 10.18637/jss.v017.i05)
Schreiber, J. B., Nora, A., Stage, F. K., Barlow, E. A., & King, J. (2006). Reporting structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis results: A review. The Journal of Educational Research, 99(6), 323–338. https://doi.org/10.3200/JOER.99.6.323-338. (PMID: 10.3200/JOER.99.6.323-338)
Silva Díaz, J. A., Heene, M., & Ufer, S. (2025). A practical guide to using SEM forests for specification search in structural equation modeling. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2025.2526028. (PMID: 10.1080/10705511.2025.2526028)
Tabatabaie, A. (2015). Childhood and adolescent sexuality, Islam, and problematics of sex education: A call for re-examination. Sex Education, 15(3), 276–288. https://doi.org/10.1080/14681811.2015.1005836. (PMID: 10.1080/14681811.2015.1005836)
UNESCO. (2018). International technical guidance on sexuality education: An evidence-informed approach (Revised edition). United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/international-technical-guidance-sexuality-education-evidence-informed-approach.
World Health Organization (WHO). (2025). Sexual and reproductive health and rights. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/health-topics/sexual-and-reproductive-health-and-rights.
Zamanzadeh, V., Ghahramanian, A., Rassouli, M., Abbaszadeh, A., Alavi-Majd, H., & Nikanfar, A. R. (2015). Design and implementation content validity study: Development of an instrument for measuring patient-centered communication. Journal of Caring Sciences, 4(2), 165–178. https://doi.org/10.15171/jcs.2015.017. (PMID: 10.15171/jcs.2015.017261613704484991)
Zarei, F., Dehghani, A., Ratansiri, A., Ghaffari, M., Raina, S. K., Halimi, A., Rakhshanderou, S., Isamel, S. A., Amiri, P., Aminafshar, A., & Mosavi Jarrahi, A. (2024). ChecKAP: A checklist for reporting a knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) study. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 25(7), 2573–2577. https://doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.7.2573. (PMID: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.7.25733906859311480624)
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T. (PMID: 10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T)
Alkhalili, M., Al-Hmaid, Y., Kheirallah, K., & Mehaisen, L. (2024). Assessment of knowledge of sexual reproductive health among female university students in Jordan. Cureus, 16(2), Article e53386. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.53386. (PMID: 10.7759/cureus.533863843515710908203)
Alomair, N., Alageel, S., Davies, N., & Bailey, J. V. (2020). Factors influencing sexual and reproductive health of Muslim women: A systematic review. Reproductive Health, 17(1), Article 33. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-020-0888-1. (PMID: 10.1186/s12978-020-0888-1321387447059374)
Al-Qahtani, J., & Almajeel, T. (2019). The degree of inclusion of the concepts of sexual education in the books of jurisprudence and behavior of the upper grades in the primary stage. Saudi Journal of Educational Sciences, 64, 1–22.
Amiri, M., El-Mowafi, I. M., Chahien, T., Yousef, H., & Kobeissi, L. H. (2020). An overview of the sexual and reproductive health status and service delivery among Syrian refugees in Jordan, nine years since the crisis: A systematic literature review. Reproductive Health, 17(1), Article 166. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-020-01005-7. (PMID: 10.1186/s12978-020-01005-7331154747592572)
Andrade, C., Menon, V., Ameen, S., & Kumar Praharaj, S. (2020). Designing and conducting knowledge, attitude, and practice surveys in psychiatry: Practical guidance. Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 42(5), 478–481. https://doi.org/10.1177/0253717620946111. (PMID: 10.1177/0253717620946111334145977750837)
Bambling, M. (2025). The problem of scale contamination and construct validity in mental health, social science and spirituality-related research. Health and Social Care Chaplaincy, 12(2), 210–216. https://doi.org/10.1558/hscc.31277. (PMID: 10.1558/hscc.31277)
Bandura A, National Institute of Mental Health. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice-Hall, Inc. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1985-98423-000.
Bouhdiba A (1985) Sexuality in Islam. Routledge & Kegan Paul. https://discovered.ed.ac.uk/permalink/44UOE_INST/iatqhp/alma992009963502466.
Brown TA (2015) Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research (2nd ed.). The Guilford Press. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2015-10560-000.
Cao, M., Ahmad Yusof, H., Chen, J., & Zhou, L. (2024). Development and validation of a knowledge, attitude, and practice questionnaire regarding exercise and exergames for obese patients with gout. BMC Public Health, 24(1), 2638. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20076-w.
Chavula, M. P., Zulu, J. M., & Hurtig, A.-K. (2022). Factors influencing the integration of comprehensive sexuality education into educational systems in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review. Reproductive Health, 19(1), Article 6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-022-01504-9. (PMID: 10.1186/s12978-022-01504-9)
Cochrane, C. (2013). The effects of Islam, religiosity, and socialization on Muslim-Canadian opinions about same-sex marriage. Comparative Migration Studies, 1, 147–178. https://doi.org/10.5117/CMS2013.1.COCH. (PMID: 10.5117/CMS2013.1.COCH)
Davis SF, Buskist W (2008) 21st century psychology: A reference handbook. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:141873143.
Drasgow, F., & Lissak, R. I. (1983). Modified parallel analysis: A procedure for examining the latent dimensionality of dichotomously scored item responses. Journal of Applied Psychology, 68(3), 363–373. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.68.3.363. (PMID: 10.1037/0021-9010.68.3.363)
Edelen, M. O., & Reeve, B. B. (2007). Applying item response theory (IRT) modeling to questionnaire development, evaluation, and refinement. Quality of Life Research : An International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation, 16(S1), 5–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-007-9198-0. (PMID: 10.1007/s11136-007-9198-017375372)
Gausman, J., Othman, A., Hamad, I. L., Dabobe, M., Daas, I., & Langer, A. (2019). How do Jordanian and Syrian youth living in Jordan envision their sexual and reproductive health needs? A concept mapping study protocol. British Medical Journal Open, 9(1), Article e027266. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027266. (PMID: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027266)
Ghosn NA (2024) Same-sex marriage in Islam and Judaism. In Religion, law and dispute resolution in Canada and the USA: Case studies of Islam and Judaism. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-59940-8_9.
Guadagnoli, E., & Velicer, W. F. (1988). Relation of sample size to the stability of component patterns. Psychological Bulletin, 103(2), 265–275. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.103.2.265. (PMID: 10.1037/0033-2909.103.2.2653363047)
Guest G, Namey E, Gamst G, Meyers L, Burke H, Guarino A (2015) Scale development and validation. In: Scale development and validation (pp. 379–409). SAGE Publications, Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483398839.n13.
Gutiérrez, R. A. (2012). Islam and sexuality. Social Identities, 18(2), 155–159. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504630.2012.652840. (PMID: 10.1080/13504630.2012.652840)
Jad, F. (1995). Sex education from an Islamic perspective. Journal of Educational Sohag University, 10(10), 133–159. https://doi.org/10.21608/edusohag.1995.130687. (PMID: 10.21608/edusohag.1995.130687)
Kim, S.-H., & Baker, F. B. (2018). birtr: A package for “The Basics of Item Response Theory Using R.” Applied Psychological Measurement, 42(5), 403–404. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146621617748327. (PMID: 10.1177/0146621617748327300340586023097)
Koenig, H. G., & Al Zaben, F. (2021). Psychometric validation and translation of religious and spiritual measures. Journal of Religion and Health, 60(5), 3467–3483. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-021-01373-9. (PMID: 10.1007/s10943-021-01373-934331172)
Koenig, H. G., & Carey, L. B. (2024). Religion, spirituality and health research: Warning of contaminated scales. Journal of Religion and Health, 63(5), 3729–3743. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-024-02112-6. (PMID: 10.1007/s10943-024-02112-639196443)
Koenig, H. G., & Carey, L. B. (2025). Approaches for analyzing the relationship between spirituality and health using measures contaminated with indicators of mental and social health. Journal of Religion and Health, 64(2), 1276–1286. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-025-02249-y. (PMID: 10.1007/s10943-025-02249-y39808227)
Kurdi, M. S., & Afif, Y. U. (2021). The enhancement of Islamic moral values through sex education for early children in the family environment. Religio Education, 1(2), 106–116. https://doi.org/10.17509/re.v1i2.41346. (PMID: 10.17509/re.v1i2.41346)
Meladze, P., & Brown, J. (2015). Religion, sexuality, and internalized homonegativity: Confronting cognitive dissonance in the Abrahamic religions. Journal of Religion and Health, 54(5), 1950–1962. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-015-0018-5. (PMID: 10.1007/s10943-015-0018-525772199)
Morhalim, S. (2010). An exploratory study of Muslim adolescents’ views on sexuality: Implications for sex education and prevention. BMC Public Health, 10, Article 533. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-10-533. (PMID: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-533)
Okoye, K., & Hosseini, S. (2024). Introduction to R programming and RStudio integrated development environment (IDE). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-3385-9_1. (PMID: 10.1007/978-981-97-3385-9_1)
Oraby, D. (2022). Determinants of knowledge in relation to sexual and reproductive health of adolescents in the Middle East and North Africa region. In C. Barakat, R. Dghaim, & F. Al Anouti (Eds.), Adolescent health in the Middle East and North Africa: Global perspectives on health geography. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92107-1_6. (PMID: 10.1007/978-3-030-92107-1_6)
Oraby, D. (2024). Sexuality education for youth and adolescents in the Middle East and North Africa region: A window of opportunity. Global Health, Science and Practice, 12(1), Article e2300282. https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00282. (PMID: 10.9745/GHSP-D-23-002823829075210906548)
Perez Alonso, A. F., Rosseel, Y., Vermunt, J. K., & De Roover, K. (2024). Mixture multigroup structural equation modeling: A novel method for comparing structural relations across many groups. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1037/met0000667. (PMID: 10.1037/met0000667)
R Core Team. (2022). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.R-project.org/.
Rassool, G. H., & Khan, M. A. (2020). Sexuality education from an Islamic perspective. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. https://books.google.jo/books?id=wlfSDwAAQBAJ&lpg=PR4&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false.
Rizopoulos, D. (2006). Ltm: An R package for latent variable modeling and item response theory analyses. Journal of Statistical Software, 17, 1–25. (PMID: 10.18637/jss.v017.i05)
Schreiber, J. B., Nora, A., Stage, F. K., Barlow, E. A., & King, J. (2006). Reporting structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis results: A review. The Journal of Educational Research, 99(6), 323–338. https://doi.org/10.3200/JOER.99.6.323-338. (PMID: 10.3200/JOER.99.6.323-338)
Silva Díaz, J. A., Heene, M., & Ufer, S. (2025). A practical guide to using SEM forests for specification search in structural equation modeling. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2025.2526028. (PMID: 10.1080/10705511.2025.2526028)
Tabatabaie, A. (2015). Childhood and adolescent sexuality, Islam, and problematics of sex education: A call for re-examination. Sex Education, 15(3), 276–288. https://doi.org/10.1080/14681811.2015.1005836. (PMID: 10.1080/14681811.2015.1005836)
UNESCO. (2018). International technical guidance on sexuality education: An evidence-informed approach (Revised edition). United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/international-technical-guidance-sexuality-education-evidence-informed-approach.
World Health Organization (WHO). (2025). Sexual and reproductive health and rights. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/health-topics/sexual-and-reproductive-health-and-rights.
Zamanzadeh, V., Ghahramanian, A., Rassouli, M., Abbaszadeh, A., Alavi-Majd, H., & Nikanfar, A. R. (2015). Design and implementation content validity study: Development of an instrument for measuring patient-centered communication. Journal of Caring Sciences, 4(2), 165–178. https://doi.org/10.15171/jcs.2015.017. (PMID: 10.15171/jcs.2015.017261613704484991)
Zarei, F., Dehghani, A., Ratansiri, A., Ghaffari, M., Raina, S. K., Halimi, A., Rakhshanderou, S., Isamel, S. A., Amiri, P., Aminafshar, A., & Mosavi Jarrahi, A. (2024). ChecKAP: A checklist for reporting a knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) study. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 25(7), 2573–2577. https://doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.7.2573. (PMID: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.7.25733906859311480624)
Contributed Indexing:
Keywords: Attitudes; Islam; Jordan; Knowledge; Practices; Sexual health
Entry Date(s):
Date Created: 20260302 Latest Revision: 20260302
Update Code:
20260303
DOI:
10.1007/s10943-026-02597-3
PMID:
41772278
Database:
MEDLINE
*Further Information*
*Studies have reported knowledge gaps and limitations in access to sexual health information among Jordanian youth and adults. This study aimed to develop a knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) scale based on an integrative framework that combines health and religion. The scale was developed through stages of content validity and construct validity. The scale was presented to a group of parents, mosque imams, and educational sciences experts (N = 53) to judge the items' relevance and representativeness. The second stage involved exploratory factor analysis (EFA) (N = 758) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) (N = 311). Difficulty and discrimination coefficient tests were performed (N = 1069). Following content validity procedures and EFA, the scale was shortened from 90 to 67 items, distributed across three factors: knowledge (25 items), attitudes (21 items), and practice (21 items). The total variance explained in the attitudes and practice factors was 59.64%. The results of CFA showed that the attitudes and practice factors demonstrated unidimensionality and good construct validity. The test-retest reliability coefficients for the three factors were 0.901, 0.782, and 0.853, respectively. Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the three factors were high (0.892, 0.802, and 0.745, respectively). Finally, the results showed that the internal consistency values (Cronbach's α) for the items ranged from 0.718 to 0.883. We conclude that the KAP Sexual Health Scale (Islamic Context-Jordan) is a reliable scientific tool. It has the potential to have a significant scientific and practical impact on improving sexual health.
(© 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)*
*Declarations. Conflict of interest: The author report there are no competing interests to declare. Ethics approval: This research was approved by the Ethical Committee of Mutah University, which was performed in accordance with the current and seventh edition of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written consent was obtained from all participants after they were informed about the study. Consent to participate: All participants consented to the study protocol before study initiation.*