• Neuroinflammatory and Behavior...

*Result*: Neuroinflammatory and Behavioral Outcomes Measured in Adult Offspring of Mice Exposed Prenatally to E-Cigarette Aerosols.

Title:
Neuroinflammatory and Behavioral Outcomes Measured in Adult Offspring of Mice Exposed Prenatally to E-Cigarette Aerosols.
Authors:
Church, Jamie S.1, Chace-Donahue, Fiona1, Blum, Jason L.2 jjschwar@mtholyoke.edu, Ratner, Jill R.2, Zelikoff, Judith T.2 Judith.Zelikoff@nyumc.org, Schwartzer, Jared J.1
Source:
Environmental Health Perspectives. Apr2020, Vol. 128 Issue 4, p047006-1-047006-15. 15p.
Subject Terms:
*Aerosols, *Animal experimentation, *Nicotine, Cerebellum physiology, Hippocampus physiology, Psychological adaptation, Behavior, Biological models, Body weight, Neural development, Cytokines, Diencephalon, Human locomotion, Immunoassay, Inflammation, Interleukins, Memory, Mice, Neuritis, Research funding, Statistics, Data analysis, Task performance, Propylene glycols, Urine collection & preservation, Electronic cigarettes, Inhalation injuries, Maternal exposure, One-way analysis of variance
Database:
GreenFILE

*Further Information*

*BACKGROUND: In an effort to decrease the rates of smoking conventional tobacco cigarettes, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have been proposed as an effective smoking cessation tool. However, little is known about their toxicological impacts. This is concerning given that e-cigarette use is perceived as less harmful than conventional tobacco cigarettes during pregnancy for both the mother and fetus. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to test the neurodevelopmental consequences of maternal e-cigarette use on adult offspring behavior and neuroimmune outcomes. METHODS: Pregnant female CD-1 mice were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups (푛= 8–10 per group) and exposed daily to either filtered air, propylene glycol and vegetable glycerol (50:50 PG/VG vehicle), or to PG/VG with 16 mg/mL nicotine (+Nic). Whole-body exposures were carried out for 3 h/d, 7 d/week, from gestational day (GD)0.5 until GD17.5. Adult male and female offspring (8 weeks old) were assessed across a battery of behavioral assessments followed by region-specific quantification of brain cytokines using multiplex immunoassays. RESULTS: Adult offspring of both sexes exposed to +Nic exhibited elevated locomotor activity in the elevated plus maze and altered stress-coping strategies in the forced swim task. Moreover, male and female offspring exposed to PG/VG with and without nicotine had a 5.2% lower object discrimination score in the novel object recognition task. In addition to differences in offspring behavior, maternal e-cigarette exposure with nicotine led to a reduction in interleukin (IL)-4 and interferon-gamma (IFNγ) in the diencephalon, as well as lower levels of hippocampal IFNγ (females only). Ecigarette exposure without nicotine resulted in a 2-fold increase of IL-6 in the cerebellum. DISCUSSION: These findings support previous adverse findings of e-cigarette exposure on neurodevelopment in a mouse model and provide substantial evidence of persistent adverse behavioral and neuroimmunological consequences to adult offspring following maternal e-cigarette exposure during pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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