• Care of the dying evaluation (...

*Result*: Care of the dying evaluation (CODE) questionnaire: psychometric appraisal for application in Persian-speaking populations.

Title:
Care of the dying evaluation (CODE) questionnaire: psychometric appraisal for application in Persian-speaking populations.
Authors:
Dashti S; Health Education and Promotion Department, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Nursing, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran., Sarbakhsh P; Professor of Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Mayland CR; Consultant at the University of Sheffield, Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine & Population Health University of Sheffield, UK. Electronic address: C.R.Mayland@sheffield.ac.uk., Shaghaghi A; Professor of Community Health, Health Education and Promotion Department, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address: ar.shaghaghi@gmail.com.
Source:
Geriatric nursing (New York, N.Y.) [Geriatr Nurs] 2026 Mar; Vol. 68, pp. 103774. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Dec 22.
Publication Type:
Journal Article; Validation Study
Language:
English
Journal Info:
Publisher: Mosby-Yearbook Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8309633 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1528-3984 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01974572 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Geriatr Nurs Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s):
Publication: St Louis Mo : Mosby-Yearbook
Original Publication: [New York : American Journal of Nursing Co.
MeSH Terms:
Terminal Care*/psychology , Terminal Care*/standards , Middle Eastern People*/ethnology , Middle Eastern People*/psychology , Psychometrics*/instrumentation , Surveys and Questionnaires*/standards , Quality Assurance, Health Care*/methods , Quality Assurance, Health Care*/standards, Iran/ethnology ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Bereavement ; Reproducibility of Results ; Health Services Research
Contributed Indexing:
Keywords: Bereavement; End of life care; Hospital care; Palliative care; Psychometric; Questionnaire
Entry Date(s):
Date Created: 20251223 Date Completed: 20260227 Latest Revision: 20260227
Update Code:
20260227
DOI:
10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103774
PMID:
41435808
Database:
MEDLINE

*Further Information*

*Objectives: To appraise the psychometric properties of the CODE-P<sup>1</sup> for its application to assess quality of end-stage care among Iranian patients.
Method: A forward/backward translation procedure was performed to prepare a preliminary draft of CODE-P and its face and content validity were tested by an experts' panel. The CODE-P was completed in this cross-sectional study by 280 bereaved family members in several hospitals in Ardabil, Iran. Construct validity, internal consistency and reliability were checked.
Results: CODE-P had good face and content validity (mean impact score = 4.01 and CVI = 0.92). EFA identified five factors which worked well in terms of construct validity (factor loadings range from 0.31 to 0.84) and internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.91).
Conclusion: The findings supported psychometric properties of the CODE-P for assessing end-stage care quality in Persian-speaking patients. Its application for end-of-life care quality assessment could provide a base for planning evidence-informed interventions.
(Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)*

*Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.*