*Result*: Effectiveness of low-density high-throughput marker platform and easy-to-measure traits for genomic prediction of biomass yield in oat (Avena sativa L.).

Title:
Effectiveness of low-density high-throughput marker platform and easy-to-measure traits for genomic prediction of biomass yield in oat (Avena sativa L.).
Authors:
Adewale SA; Plant Breeding Graduate Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.; Department of Agronomy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA., Babar MA; Department of Agronomy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA., Jarquin D; Department of Agronomy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA., Khan N; Department of Agronomy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA., Acharya JP; Department of Agronomy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA., Kunwar S; Plant Breeding Graduate Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.; Department of Agronomy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA., McBreen J; Department of Agronomy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA., Rios E; Department of Agronomy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA., Harrison S; School of Plant, Environmental and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA., DeWitt N; School of Plant, Environmental and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA., Ibrahim A; AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA., Murphy P; Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA., Boyles R; Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Clemson University, Florence, South Carolina, USA., Fiedler JD; USDA-ARS Cereal Crops Improvement Research Unit, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, North Dakota, USA., Nandety RS; USDA-ARS Cereal Crops Improvement Research Unit, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, North Dakota, USA.
Source:
The plant genome [Plant Genome] 2026 Mar; Vol. 19 (1), pp. e70179.
Publication Type:
Journal Article
Language:
English
Journal Info:
Publisher: Crop Science Society of America Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101273919 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1940-3372 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19403372 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Plant Genome Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s):
Original Publication: Madison, WI : Crop Science Society of America
References:
Adunola, P., Ferrão, L. F. V., Benevenuto, J., Azevedo, C. F., & Munoz, P. R. (2024). Genomic selection optimization in blueberry: Data‐driven methods for marker and training population design. The Plant Genome, 17(3), e20488. https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.20488.
Alemu, A., Åstrand, J., Montesinos‐López, O. A., Isidro Y Sánchez, J., Fernández‐Gónzalez, J., Tadesse, W., Vetukuri, R. R., Carlsson, A. S., Ceplitis, A., Crossa, J., Ortiz, R., & Chawade, A. (2024). Genomic selection in plant breeding: Key factors shaping two decades of progress. Molecular Plant, 17(4), 552–578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2024.03.007.
Arojju, S. K., Cao, M., Trolove, M., Barrett, B. A., Inch, C., Eady, C., Stewart, A., & Faville, M. J. (2020). Multi‐trait genomic prediction improves predictive ability for dry matter yield and water‐soluble carbohydrates in perennial ryegrass. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 1197. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.01197.
Asoro, F. G., Newell, M. A., Beavis, W. D., Scott, M. P., Tinker, N. A., & Jannink, J. L. (2013). Genomic, marker‐assisted, and pedigree‐BLUP selection methods for β‐glucan concentration in elite oat. Crop Science, 53(5), 1894–1906. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2012.09.0526.
Atanda, S. A., Steffes, J., Lan, Y., Al Bari, M. A., Kim, J. H., Morales, M., Johnson, J. P., Saludares, R., Worral, H., Piche, L., Ross, A., Grusak, M., Coyne, C., McGee, R., Rao, J., & Bandillo, N. (2022). Multi‐trait genomic prediction improves selection accuracy for enhancing seed mineral concentrations in pea. The Plant Genome, 15(4), e20260. https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.20260.
Avni, R., Kamal, N., Bitz, L., Jellen, E. N., Bekele, W. A., Angessa, T. T., Auvinen, P., Bitz, O., Boyle, B., Canales, F. J., Carlson, C. H., Chapman, B., Chawla, H. S., Chen, Y., Copetti, D., Correia de Lemos, S., Dang, V., Eichten, S. R., Klos, K. E., … Mascher, M. (2025). A pangenome and pantranscriptome of hexaploid oat. Nature, 649, 131–139. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09676-7.
Azizinia, S., Mullan, D., Rattey, A., Godoy, J., Robinson, H., Moody, D., Forrest, K., Keeble‐Gagnere, G., Hayden, M. J., Tibbits, J. F., & Daetwyler, H. D. (2023). Improved multi‐trait prediction of wheat end‐product quality traits by integrating NIR‐predicted phenotypes. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14, 1167221. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1167221.
Babar, M. A., Harrison, S. A., Blount, A., Barnett, R. D., Johnson, J., Mergoum, M., Mailhot, D. J., Murphy, J. P., Mason, R. E., Ibrahim, A., Sutton, R., Simoneaux, B., Boyles, R., Stancil, B., Marshall, D., Fountain, M., Klos, K. E., Khan, N., Wallau, M., … Arbelaez, J. (2023a). ‘FLLA11019‐8’: A new dual‐purpose facultative oat cultivar for grain and forage production in the southern United States. Journal of Plant Registrations, 17, 238–246. https://doi.org/10.1002/plr2.20272.
Babar, M. A., Harrison, S. A., Blount, A., Barnett, R. D., Johnson, J., Mergoum, M., Mailhot, D. J., Murphy, J. P., Mason, R. E., Ibrahim, A., Sutton, R., Simoneaux, B., Boyles, R., Stancil, B., Marshall, D., Fountain, M., Klos, K. E., Khan, N., Wallau, M., & Jordan, H. G. (2023b). ‘FLLA09015‐U1’: A broadly adapted dual‐purpose oat cultivar for southern USA. Journal of Plant Registrations, 17, 228–237. https://doi.org/10.1002/plr2.20249.
Babar, M. A., Harrison, S. A., Blount, A., Barnett, R. D., Johnson, J., Mergoum, M., Mailhot, D. J., Murphy, J. P., Mason, R. E., Shakiba, E., Ibrahim, A. M. H., Sutton, R., Simoneaux, B., Boyles, R., Dewitt, N., Stancil, B., Marshall, D., Fountain, M., Klos, K. E., … Arbelaez, J. (2024). Registration of ‘FL12034‐10’ oat: A new dual‐purpose disease resistant cultivar for Florida and southern United States. Journal of Plant Registrations, 18, 254–261. https://doi.org/10.1002/plr2.20362.
Barreto, C. A. V., das Graças Dias, K. O., de Sousa, I. C., Azevedo, C. F., Nascimento, A. C. C., Guimarães, L. J. M., Guimarães, C. T., Pastina, M. M., & Nascimento, M. (2024). Genomic prediction in multi‐environment trials in maize using statistical and machine learning methods. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 1062. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598‐024‐51792‐3.
Bates, D., Mächler, M., Bolker, B., & Walker, S. (2015). Fitting linear mixed‐effects models using lme4. Journal of Statistical Software, 67(1), 1–48. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v067.i01.
Bazzer, S. K., Oliveira, G., Fiedler, J. D., Nandety, R. S., Jannink, J. L., & Caffe, M. (2025). Genomic strategies to facilitate breeding for increased β‐glucan content in oat (Avena sativa L.). BMC Genomics, 26(1), 35. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864‐024‐11174‐5.
Berro, I., Lado, B., Nalin, R. S., Quincke, M., & Gutiérrez, L. (2019). Training population optimization for genomic selection. The Plant Genome, 12(3), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3835/plantgenome2019.04.0028.
Bradbury, P. J., Zhang, Z., Kroon, D. E., Casstevens, T. M., Ramdoss, Y., & Buckler, E. S. (2007). TASSEL: Software for association mapping of complex traits in diverse samples. Bioinformatics, 23(19), 2633–2635. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btm308.
Brzozowski, L. J., Campbell, M. T., Hu, H., Yao, L., Caffe, M., Gutiérrez, L. A., Smith, K. P., Sorrells, M. E., Gore, M. A., & Jannink, J. L. (2023). Genomic prediction of seed nutritional traits in biparental families of oat (Avena sativa). The Plant Genome, 16(4), e20370. https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.20370.
Covarrubias‐Pazaran, G., Schlautman, B., Diaz‐Garcia, L., Grygleski, E., Polashock, J., Johnson‐Cicalese, J., Vorsa, N., Iorizzo, M., & Zalapa, J. (2018). Multivariate GBLUP improves accuracy of genomic selection for yield and fruit weight in biparental populations of Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, 1310. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01310.
Crossa, J., Martini, J. W. R., Vitale, P., Pérez‐Rodríguez, P., Costa‐Neto, G., Fritsche‐Neto, R., Runcie, D., Cuevas, J., Toledo, F., Li, H., De Vita, P., Gerard, G., Dreisigacker, S., Crespo‐Herrera, L., Saint Pierre, C., Bentley, A., Lillemo, M., Ortiz, R., Montesinos‐López, O. A., & Montesinos‐López, A. (2025). Expanding genomic prediction in plant breeding: Harnessing big data, machine learning, and advanced software. Trends in Plant Science, 30, 756–774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2024.12.009.
Dhakal, A., Poland, J., Adhikari, L., Faryna, E., Fiedler, J., Rutkoski, J. E., & Arbelaez, J. D. (2024). Implementing multi‐trait genomic selection to improve grain milling quality in oats (Avena sativa L.). The Plant Genome, 17(2), e20457. https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.20457.
Dubeux, J. C. B., Dilorenzo, N., Blount, A., Mackowiak, C., Santos, E. R. S., Silva, H. M. S., Ruiz‐Moreno, M., & Schulmeister, T. (2016). Animal performance and pasture characteristics on cool‐season annual grass mixtures in North Florida. Crop Science, 56, 2841–2852. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2016.03.0141.
Elbasyoni, I. S., Lorenz, A. J., Guttieri, M., Frels, K., Baenziger, P. S., Poland, J., & Akhunov, E. (2018). A comparison between genotyping‐by‐sequencing and array‐based scoring of SNPs for genomic prediction accuracy in winter wheat. Plant Science, 270, 123–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.02.019.
Elshire, R. J., Glaubitz, J. C., Sun, Q., Poland, J. A., Kawamoto, K., Buckler, E. S., & Mitchell, S. E. (2011). A robust, simple genotyping‐by‐sequencing (GBS) approach for high diversity species. PLoS ONE, 6(5), e19379. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019379.
Fernandes, S. B., Dias, K. O. G., Ferreira, D. F., & Brown, P. J. (2018). Efficiency of multi‐trait, indirect, and trait‐assisted genomic selection for improvement of biomass sorghum. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 131(3), 747–755. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122‐017‐3033‐y.
Fernández‐González, J., Akdemir, D., & Isidro Y Sánchez, J. (2023). A comparison of methods for training population optimization in genomic selection. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 136(3), 30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122‐023‐04265‐6.
Filho, C. C. F., Andrade, M. H. M. L., Nunes, J. A. R., Jarquin, D. H., & Rios, E. F. (2023). Genomic prediction for complex traits across multiples harvests in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is enhanced by enviromics. The Plant Genome, 16(2), e20306. https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.20306.
Gaire, R., De Arruda, M. P., Mohammadi, M., Brown‐Guedira, G., Kolb, F. L., & Rutkoski, J. (2022). Multi‐trait genomic selection can increase selection accuracy for deoxynivalenol accumulation resulting from Fusarium head blight in wheat. The Plant Genome, 15(1), e20188. https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.20188.
Galán, R. J., Bernal‐Vasquez, A. M., Jebsen, C., Piepho, H. P., Thorwarth, P., Steffan, P., Gordillo, A., & Miedaner, T. (2020). Integration of genotypic, hyperspectral, and phenotypic data to improve biomass yield prediction in hybrid rye. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 133(11), 3001–3015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122‐020‐03651‐8.
Gill, H. S., Brar, N., Halder, J., Hall, C., Seabourn, B. W., Chen, Y. R., St. Amand, P., Bernardo, A., Bai, G., Glover, K., Turnipseed, B., & Sehgal, S. K. (2023). Multi‐trait genomic selection improves the prediction accuracy of end‐use quality traits in hard winter wheat. The Plant Genome, 16(4), e20331. https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.20331.
Guo, J., Pradhan, S., Shahi, D., Khan, J., McBreen, J., Bai, G., Murphy, P., & Babar, M. A. (2020). Increased prediction accuracy using combined genomic information and physiological traits in a soft wheat panel evaluated in multi‐environments. Scientific Report, 10, 7023. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598‐020‐63919‐3.
Haikka, H., Knürr, T., Manninen, O., Pietilä, L., Isolahti, M., Teperi, E., Mäntysaari, E. A., & Strandén, I. (2020). Genomic prediction of grain yield in commercial Finnish oat (Avena sativa) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) breeding programmes. Plant Breeding, 139(3), 550–561. https://doi.org/10.1111/pbr.12807.
Hallauer, A. R., Carena, M. J., & Filho, J. B. M. (2010). Quantitative genetics in maize breeding. Springer.
Hu, H., Gutierrez‐Gonzalez, J. J., Liu, X., Yeats, T. H., Garvin, D. F., Hoekenga, O. A., Sorrells, M. E., Gore, M. A., & Jannink, J.‐L. (2020). Heritable temporal gene expression patterns correlate with metabolomic seed content in developing hexaploid oat seed. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 18(5), 1211–1222. https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.13286.
Huang, Y. F., Poland, J. A., Wight, C. P., Jackson, E. W., & Tinker, N. A. (2014). Using genotyping‐by‐sequencing (GBS) for genomic discovery in cultivated oat. PLoS ONE, 9(7), e102448. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0102448.
Jarquín, D., Lemes da Silva, C., Gaynor, R. C., Poland, J., Fritz, A., Howard, R., Battenfield, S., & Crossa, J. (2017). Increasing genomic‐enabled prediction accuracy by modeling genotype × environment interactions in Kansas wheat. The Plant Genome, 10(2), plantgenome2016.12.0130. https://doi.org/10.3835/plantgenome2016.12.0130.
Kassambara, A., & Mundt, F. (2020). Factoextra: Extract and Visualize the Results of Multivariate Data Analyses (R package version 1.0.7) [Computer software]. CRAN.
Kim, K. S., Tinker, N. A., & Newell, M. A. (2014). Improvement of oat as a winter forage crop in the Southern United States. Crop Science, 54(4), 1336–1346. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2013.07.0505.
Konkolewska, A., Phang, S., Conaghan, P., Milbourne, D., Lawlor, A., & Byrne, S. (2023). Genomic prediction of seasonal forage yield in perennial ryegrass. Grassland Research, 2(3), 167–181. https://doi.org/10.1002/glr2.12058.
Leggett, J. M., & Markhand, G. S. (1995). The genomic identification of some monosomics of Avena sativa L. cv. Sun II using genomic in situ hybridization. Genome, 38(4), 747–751. https://doi.org/10.1139/g95‐094.
Li, W., Wang, Y., Liu, J., He, Q., Zhou, Y., Li, M., Liu, N., Liang, H., Yun, Y., Gong, Z., & Du, H. (2025). A gap‐free complete genome assembly of oat and OatOmics, a multi‐omics database. Molecular Plant, 18(2), 179–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2025.01.006.
Liaw, A., & Wiener, M. (2002). Classification and regression by randomForest. R News, 2(3), 18–22.
Liu, B., Liu, H., Tu, J., Xiao, J., Yang, J., He, X., & Zhang, H. (2025). An investigation of machine learning methods applied to genomic prediction in yellow‐feathered broilers. Poultry Science, 104(1), 104489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104489.
Liu, C., Sukumaran, S., Jarquin, D., Crossa, J., Dreisigacker, S., Sansaloni, C., & Reynolds, M. (2020). Comparison of array‐and sequencing‐based markers for genome‐wide association mapping and genomic prediction in spring wheat. Crop Science, 60(1), 211–225. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20098.
Lozada, D. N., & Carter, A. H. (2019). Accuracy of single and multi‐trait genomic prediction models for grain yield in US Pacific Northwest winter wheat. Crop Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, 1(1), e190012. https://doi.org/10.20900/cbgg20190012.
Lozada, D. N., Mason, R. E., Sarinelli, J. M., & Brown‐Guedira, G. (2019). Accuracy of genomic selection for grain yield and agronomic traits in soft red winter wheat. BMC Genetics, 20(1), 82. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12863‐019‐0785‐1.
Mantel, N. (1967). The detection of disease clustering and a generalized regression approach. Cancer Research, 27, 209–220.
Maulana, F., Kim, K. S., Anderson, J. D., Sorrells, M. E., Butler, T. J., Liu, S., Baenziger, P. S., Byrne, P. F., & Ma, X.‐F. (2019). Genomic selection of forage quality traits in winter wheat. Crop Science, 59(6), 2473–2483. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2018.10.0655.
McBreen, J., Babar, M. A., Jarquin, D., Khan, N., Harrison, S., Dewitt, N., Mergoum, M., Lopez, B., Boyles, R., Lyerly, J., Murphy, J. P., Shakiba, E., Sutton, R., Ibrahim, A., Howell, K., Smith, J. H., Brown‐Guedira, G., Tiwari, V., Santantonio, N., & Van Sanford, D. A. (2025a). Enhancing prediction accuracy of grain yield in wheatlines adapted to the southeastern United States through multivariate and multi‐environment genomic prediction models incorporating spectral and thermal information. The Plant Genome, 18, e20532. https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.20532.
McBreen, J., Babar, M. A., Jarquin, D., Ampatzidis, Y., Khan, N., Kunwar, S., Acharya, J. P., Adewale, S., & Brown‐Guedira, G. (2025b). Enhancing genomic‐based forward prediction accuracy in wheat by integrating UAV‐derived hyperspectral and environmental data with machine learning under heat‐stressed environments. The Plant Genome, 18(1), e20554. https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.20554.
Mellers, G., Mackay, I., Cowan, S., Griffiths, I., Martinez‐Martin, P., Poland, J. A., Bekele, W., Tinker, N. A., Bentley, A. R., & Howarth, C. J. (2020). Implementing within‐cross genomic prediction to reduce oat breeding costs. The Plant Genome, 13(1), e20004. https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.20004.
Meuwissen, T., Hayes, B., & Goddard, M. (2001). Prediction of total genetic value using genome‐wide dense marker maps. Animal Frontiers, 157(4), 1819–1829. https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/157.4.1819.
Montesinos‐López, O. A., Montesinos‐López, A., Cano‐Paez, B., Hernández‐Suárez, C. M., Santana‐Mancilla, P. C., & Crossa, J. (2022). A comparison of three machine learning methods for multivariate genomic prediction using the sparse kernels method (SKM) library. Genes, 13(8), 1494. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes13081494.
Murad Leite Andrade, M. H., Acharya, J. P., Benevenuto, J., de Bem Oliveira, I., Lopez, Y., Munoz, P., Resende, M. F. R., Jr., & Rios, E. F. (2022). Genomic prediction for canopy height and dry matter yield in alfalfa using family bulks. The Plant Genome, 15, e20235. https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.20235.
Nouraei, S., Mia, M. S., Liu, H., Turner, N. C., & Yan, G. (2024). Genome‐wide association study of drought tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) identifies SNP markers and candidate genes. Molecular Genetics and Genomics, 299(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438‐024‐02104‐x.
Oral, H. H. (2024). Forage yields and nutritive values of oat and triticale pastures for grazing sheep in early spring. PeerJ, 12, e17840. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17840.
Peng, J., Lei, X., Liu, T., Xiong, Y., Wu, J., Xiong, Y., You, M., Zhao, J., Zhang, J., & Ma, X. (2024). Integration of machine learning and genome‐wide association study to explore the genomic prediction accuracy of agronomic trait in oats (Avena sativa L.). The Plant Genome, 18, e20549. https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.20549.
Peng, Y., Yan, H., Guo, L., Deng, C., Wang, C., Wang, Y., Kang, L., Zhou, P., Yu, K., Dong, X., Liu, X., Sun, Z., Peng, Y., Zhao, J., Deng, D. I., Xu, Y., Li, Y., Jiang, Q., Li, Y., … Ren, C. (2022). Reference genome assemblies reveal the origin and evolution of allohexaploid oat. Nature Genetics, 54(8), 1248–1258. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588‐022‐01127‐7.
Pérez, P., & de los Campos, G. (2014). Genome‐wide regression and prediction with the BGLR statistical package. Genetics, 198(2), 483–495. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.114.164442.
Poland, J., Endelman, J., Dawson, J., Rutkoski, J., Wu, S., Manes, Y., Dreisigacker, S., Crossa, J., Sánchez‐Villeda, H., Sorrells, M., & Jannink, J. (2012). Genomic Selection in Wheat Breeding using Genotyping‐by‐Sequencing. The Plant Genome, 5(3), 103–113. https://doi.org/10.3835/plantgenome2012.06.0006.
R Core Team. (2024). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.R‐project.org/.
Rio, S., Gallego‐Sánchez, L., Montilla‐Bascón, G., Canales, F. J., Isidro Y Sánchez, J., & Prats, E. (2021). Genomic prediction and training set optimization in a structured Mediterranean oat population. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 134(11), 3595–3609. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122‐021‐03916‐w.
Rocha, D. A., Cordova, U. A., Flaresso, J., & Stradiotto, J. (2023). Genomic selection for herbage yield in forage oats (Avena sp.). BioRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.11.24.568597.
Sandhu, K. S., Mihalyov, P. D., Lewien, M. J., Pumphrey, M. O., & Carter, A. H. (2021). Combining genomic and phenomic information for predicting grain protein content and grain yield in spring wheat. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12, 613300. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.613300.
Sipowicz, P., Murad Leite Andrade, M. H., Fernandes Filho, C. C., Benevenuto, J., Muñoz, P., Ferrão, L. F. V., Resende, M. F. R., Jr., Messina, C., & Rios, E. F. (2025). Optimization of high‐throughput marker systems for genomic prediction in alfalfa family bulks. The Plant Genome, 18(1), e20526. https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.20526.
Sood, V. K., Sanadya, S. K., Kumar, S., Chand, S., & Kapoor, R. (2022). Health benefits of oat (Avena sativa) and nutritional improvement through plant breeding interventions. Crop and Pasture Science, 74, 993–1013. https://doi.org/10.1071/CP22268.
Sørensen, E. S., Jansen, C., Windju, S., Crossa, J., Sonesson, A. K., Lillemo, M., & Alsheikh, M. (2023). Evaluation of strategies to optimize training populations for genomic prediction in oat (Avena sativa). Plant Breeding, 142(1), 41–53. https://doi.org/10.1111/pbr.13061.
Sowa, S., & Paczos‐Grzęda, E. (2020). Identification of molecular markers for the Pc39 gene conferring resistance to crown rust in oat. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 133(4), 1081–1094. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122‐020‐03533‐z.
Tang, Y., Horikoshi, M., & Li, W. (2016). ggfortify: Unified interface to visualize statistical result of popular R packages. The R Journal, 8(2), 474–485. https://doi.org/10.32614/RJ‐2016‐060.
VanRaden, P. M. (2008). Efficient methods to compute genomic predictions. Journal of Dairy Science, 91(11), 4414–4423. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007‐0980.
Verbrigghe, N., Muylle, H., Pegard, M., Rietman, H., Đorđević, V., Ćeran, M., & Roldán‐Ruiz, I. (2025). Disentangling soybean G×E effects in an integrated genomic prediction and machine learning‐GWAS workflow. Plant Methods, 21(1), 119. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13007‐025‐01434‐0.
Wang, L., Xu, J., Wang, H., Chen, T., You, E., Bian, H., Chen, W., Zhang, B., & Shen, Y. (2023). Population structure analysis and genome‐wide association study of a hexaploid oat landrace and cultivar collection. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14, 1131751. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1131751.
Yan, H., Zhang, H., Zhou, P., Ren, C., & Peng, Y. (2023). Genome‐wide association mapping of QTL underlying groat protein content of a diverse panel of oat accessions. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(6), 5581. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065581.
Yu, G., Cui, Y., Jiao, Y., Zhou, K., Wang, X., Yang, W., Xu, Y., Yang, K., Zhang, X., Li, P., Yang, Z., Xu, Y., & Xu, C. (2023). Comparison of sequencing‐based and array‐based genotyping platforms for genomic prediction of maize hybrid performance. The Crop Journal, 11(2), 490–498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2022.09.004.
Zhang, Y., Li, S., Dong, X., Mou, Q., Li, J., Zhang, X., Lin, M., Yu, K., Zhou, P., Liu, X., Luo, X., Yan, H., & Peng, Y. (2024). Evaluation of oat (Avena sativa L.) populations for autumn sowing production in Southwest China. Grass and Forage Science, 79(1), 37–46. https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12648.
Zhang‐Biehn, S., Fritz, A. K., Zhang, G., Evers, B., Regan, R., & Poland, J. (2021). Accelerating wheat breeding for end‐use quality through association mapping and multivariate genomic prediction. The Plant Genome, 14, 847–862. https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.20164.
Zhou, G., Gao, J., Zuo, D., Li, J., & Li, R. (2023). MSXFGP: Combining improved sparrow search algorithm with XGBoost for enhanced genomic prediction. BMC Bioinformatics, 24(1), 384. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859‐023‐05514‐7.
Zhu, X., Leiser, W. L., Hahn, V., & Würschum, T. (2021). Phenomic selection is competitive with genomic selection for breeding of complex traits. The Plant Phenome Journal, 4(1), e20027. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppj2.20027.
Grant Information:
UF Plant Breeding Graduate Initiative; UF Food Crops Breeding Program
Contributed Indexing:
Local Abstract: [plain-language-summary] In the Southern United States, oats have been extensively used as a forage crop for animal feed. Nevertheless, collecting phenotypic data for aboveground biomass improvement in oat breeding programs is destructive, labor‐intensive, and takes a lengthy time. We investigated two different marker genotyping platforms for genomic prediction of oat biomass yield using different univariate and multivariate models. The inclusion of easy‐to‐measure secondary traits in our models resulted in a better ability to determine oat genotypes that will give higher biomass yield. Comparable predictive abilities were observed for both marker genotyping methods. Thus, the more robust 3K array genotyping method with lower marker density could be utilized by breeders for selection of oat genotypes in early generations using secondary traits in genomic selection to reduce cost, shorten the time required to develop new varieties, and eventually boost the availability of nutritious oat forage for the livestock industry.
Substance Nomenclature:
0 (Genetic Markers)
Entry Date(s):
Date Created: 20260116 Date Completed: 20260116 Latest Revision: 20260116
Update Code:
20260130
DOI:
10.1002/tpg2.70179
PMID:
41543178
Database:
MEDLINE

*Further Information*

*Genomic selection (GS) is a promising strategy for accelerating genetic gains of complex traits in breeding programs. Despite the recent advancements in high-throughput genotyping technologies, the selection of the type of marker systems needed for GS remains challenging in breeding programs. In this study, we explored 3K array single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genotyping by sequencing (GBS) SNP markers for genomic prediction of oat biomass yield using different statistical and machine learning approaches. An oat panel consisting of 420 lines was phenotyped for biomass-related traits for 3 years and genotyped using two different marker platforms (3K array and GBS). Our results showed similar performance of both the 3K array and GBS-based SNPs in terms of training population optimization, forward prediction, and univariate and multivariate genomic prediction of forage yield. The genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP), Bayes-B, and random forest models gave similar predictive ability for dry matter yield (DMY) in different harvest-year combinations and for both marker platforms. The multivariate models involving various combinations of secondary traits (simple breeders' field notes and data) resulted in more than twofold increases in predictive abilities compared to the univariate models. Comparison of the 25% top-performing observed and predicted genotypes showed a higher overlap percentage (30.10%-66.99%) for multivariate GBLUP models compared to the univariate models (27.18%-51.46%). This further elucidates the great potential of multivariate GS models incorporating the more robust and easily reproducible 3K array SNP markers for improving the genetic gains of DMY in breeding programs.
(© 2026 The Author(s). The Plant Genome published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Crop Science Society of America.)*